PROJECT: Applied research on multifunctional coatings for integrating photovoltaics into distributed applications.
ACHIEVEMENT: Development of a multifunctional coating that enhances the durability of photovoltaic modules under a wide range of environmental operating conditions.
The objective of the competitive Hazitek project EKICOAT (ZE-2022/00261), led by INNOMAT, is to develop a new range of multifunctional coatings for composite photovoltaic (PV) modules that improve optical properties, thereby increasing photovoltaic performance while providing additional functionalities to minimize degradation caused by use, including soiling/cleaning processes and abrasion damage. In addition to reducing these losses through optimized formulations and controlled coating thickness during application, the project seeks to provide multifunctional properties such as UV blocking, abrasion resistance, anti-soiling performance, and other protective features.
Within this project, research has focused on developing new manufacturing processes for multifunctional coatings specifically designed for composite photovoltaic modules.
Today's society demands a more sustainable use of electricity. In this context, photovoltaic energy has significant potential to contribute to renewable electricity generation within distributed energy systems. This challenge requires the development of technologies that enable the integration of photovoltaics into applications supporting this new energy consumption model. Examples include the integration of composite photovoltaic components into: (i) buildings to replace conventional construction materials, (ii) the exterior body panels of electric vehicles, and (iii) floating structures as an alternative to conventional glass-based modules that require complex anchoring systems. These applications demand innovative technological solutions.
The project's main objective is to develop multifunctional coatings for photovoltaic cells that provide:
- High optical transmittance.
- UV-blocking capability.
- Abrasion resistance.
- Anti-soiling properties.
- Anti-reflective characteristics that minimize optical losses at the air–composite interface.
- High durability under environmental exposure, including resistance to UV radiation, humidity, and thermal cycling.
Accordingly, the project includes the development of a multifunctional coating that enhances the durability of photovoltaic modules operating under diverse environmental conditions. The coating simultaneously provides: (i) optical properties aimed at maximizing photovoltaic power generation, and (ii) protective properties against environmental agents and common service-related damage such as dirt accumulation, fingerprints, and abrasion.
Currently, there are no commercial coatings specifically designed for composite substrates that offer an optimal balance between optical performance and long-term protection. Different technological approaches have therefore been explored for the development of this new coating.
The technology developed is intended to provide composite photovoltaic modules with the multifunctionality required to overcome the current limitations of composite materials compared with conventional glass photovoltaic modules.
The project is led by INNOMAT Coatings in collaboration with MUGAPE, with the participation of the research center Tecnalia.